Json类型数据可以通过Json官方提供的方法将Json字符串转化为对象类型,但是解析往往比较麻烦,
Gson是 Google 提供的用来在 Java 对象和 JSON 数据之间进行映射的 Java 类库。可以将一个 JSON 字符串转成一个 Java 对象,或者反过来
谷歌提供的Gson解析Json往往比Json解析更出色,更简单
在这里我写四个通用方法,将最常用的四种数据类型通过Gson将json数据解析还原为对象类型,List包裹对象类型,List包裹字符串类型,List包裹map类型。
如果没有看我的Android客户端与服务器端交互数据之json解析,有些类的调用省略没有写,建议先看一下。
1.首先写Gson工具类,将Java对象转换为JSON数据,以及将JSON数据转换为Java对象
package com.zml.utils;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.JsonSyntaxException;
import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken;/**
-
@author zml2015
-
@Time:2016年2月2日 下午2:15:38
-
@version 1.0
*/
public class GsonTools {/**TODO 转换为json字符串
- @param src 要转换成json格式的 对象
- @return
*/
public static String createJsonString(Object src) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
String jsonString = gson.toJson(src);
return jsonString;
}
/**TODO 转换为指定的 对象
- @param jsonString
- @param type 指定对象的类型 ,即 T.class
- @return
*/
public static <T> T getObject(String jsonString, Class<T> type) {
T t = null;
try {
Gson gson = new Gson();
t = gson.fromJson(jsonString, type);
} catch (JsonSyntaxException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return t;
}
/**得到 一个List<T>集合
- @param jsonString
- @param type T的类型
- @return
*/
public static <T> List<T> getList(String jsonString, Class<T> type) {
List<T> list = new ArrayList<T>();
Gson gson = new Gson();
list = gson.fromJson(jsonString, new TypeToken<List<T>>() {
}.getType());
return list;
}
/**TODO 得到一个List<T> 的集合
-
@param jsonString json字符串
-
@param type 数组的类型 ,即T[].class
-
@return
*/
public static <T> List<T> StringTolist(String jsonString, Class<T[]> type) {
T[] list = null;
try {
Gson gson = new Gson();
list = gson.fromJson(jsonString, type);
} catch (JsonSyntaxException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}return Arrays.asList(list);
}
/**把json字符串转换为 String 集合- @param jsonString
- @return
*/
public static List<String> getStrings(String jsonString) {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
Gson gson = new Gson();
new TypeToken<List<String>>(){}.getType();
list = gson.fromJson(jsonString, new TypeToken<List<String>>() {
}.getType());
return list;
}
/**TODO 将json数据解析为Map<String,Object>集合
-
@param jsonString
-
@return
*/
public static List<Map<String, Object>> getMaps(String jsonString) {List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
Gson gson = new Gson();
list = gson.fromJson(jsonString,
new TypeToken<List<Map<String, Object>>>() {
}.getType());return list;
}
}
2.开始测试
package com.zml.test; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import com.zml.pojo.Person; import com.zml.utils.DataUtil; import com.zml.utils.GsonTools; import com.zml.utils.JsonTools; /** * @author zml2015 * @Time:2016年2月3日 下午1:10:44 * @version 1.0 */ public class testgson { public static void main(String[] args) { String jsonString; jsonString = GsonTools.createJsonString(DataUtil.getPerson()); System.out.println("-------------------转化为Json字符串------------------"); System.out.println(jsonString); System.out.println("-------------------解析后------------------"); Person person = GsonTools.getPerson(jsonString, Person.class); System.out.println(person.toString()); System.out.println("-------------------转化为Json字符串------------------"); jsonString = GsonTools.createJsonString(DataUtil.getPersons()); System.out.println(jsonString); System.out.println("-------------------解析后------------------"); List<Person> list = GsonTools.getlist(jsonString, Person.class); System.out.println(list.toString()); System.out.println("-------------------转化为Json字符串------------------"); jsonString = GsonTools.createJsonString(DataUtil.getStrings()); System.out.println(jsonString); System.out.println("-------------------解析后------------------"); List<String> list2 = GsonTools.getStrings(jsonString); System.out.println(list2.toString()); System.out.println("-------------------转化为Json字符串------------------"); jsonString = GsonTools.createJsonString(DataUtil.getMaps()); System.out.println(jsonString); System.out.println("-------------------解析后------------------"); List<Map<String, Object>> list3 = GsonTools.getMaps(jsonString); System.out.println(list3.toString()); } }
测试截图
3.测试成功后,开始编写Servlet,测试
package com.zml.test;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.zml.utils.DataUtil;
import com.zml.utils.GsonTools;
import com.zml.utils.JsonTools;/**
-
@author zml2015
-
@Time:2016年2月3日 下午1:02:56
-
@version 1.0
*/
public class GsonServlet extends HttpServlet {/**
- Constructor of the object.
*/
public GsonServlet() {
super();
}
/**
- Destruction of the servlet. <br>
*/
public void destroy() {
super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
// Put your code here
}
/**
- The doGet method of the servlet. <br>
- This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
- @param request the request send by the client to the server
- @param response the response send by the server to the client
- @throws ServletException if an error occurred
- @throws IOException if an error occurred
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}/**
-
The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
-
This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.
-
@param request the request send by the client to the server
-
@param response the response send by the server to the client
-
@throws ServletException if an error occurred
-
@throws IOException if an error occurred
*/
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String jsonString="";
String actionString = request.getParameter("action");if (actionString.equals("person")) {
jsonString = GsonTools.createJsonString(DataUtil.getPerson());
} else if (actionString.equals("persons")) {
jsonString = GsonTools.createJsonString(DataUtil.getPersons());
} else if (actionString.equals("strings")) {
jsonString = GsonTools.createJsonString(DataUtil.getStrings());
} else if (actionString.equals("maps")) {
jsonString = GsonTools.createJsonString(DataUtil.getMaps());
}
System.out.println(jsonString);
out.print(jsonString);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
/**
- Initialization of the servlet. <br>
- @throws ServletException if an error occurs
*/
public void init() throws ServletException {
// Put your code here
}
- Constructor of the object.
}
测试成功截图:
Q.E.D.