服务器端的工作就是将特定的数据类型转换为json字符串,然后客户端再将json字符串转换成原来的类型,所以json解析是跨平台数据格式转换的一个桥梁,
这里以最常用的对象类型,list包裹对象类型,list包裹String类型,以及list包裹Map对象类型4种情况为例简单介绍json的数据解析
服务器端json所用到的jar包下载(免积分) 服务器端源码下载(免积分)
一、首先服务器端将数据转换为json格式
- 首先建立一个Person对象类,后面就是将person对象转换为json格式
package com.zml.pojo;
/**
* @author zml2015
* @Time:2016年2月2日 下午10:35:05
* @version 1.0
*/
public class Person {
String name;
String sex;
String QQ;
String contact;
public Person() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public Person(String name, String sex, String qQ, String contact) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
QQ = qQ;
this.contact = contact;
}
/**
* @return the name
*/
public String getName() {
return name;
}
/**
* @param name
* the name to set
*/
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* @return the sex
*/
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
/**
* @param sex
* the sex to set
*/
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
/**
* @return the qQ
*/
public String getQQ() {
return QQ;
}
/**
* @param qQ
* the qQ to set
*/
public void setQQ(String qQ) {
QQ = qQ;
}
/**
* @return the contact
*/
public String getContact() {
return contact;
}
/**
* @param contact
* the contact to set
*/
public void setContact(String contact) {
this.contact = contact;
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see java.lang.Object#toString()
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", QQ=" + QQ
+ ", contact=" + contact + "]";
}
}
- 我写了一个工具类,用来生成上述的四种类型的数据;
package com.zml.utils;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.zml.pojo.Person;
/**
* 用于生成四种类型的数据来测试json解析:
* ①Person对象类型 ②List<Person> ③List<String> ④List<Map<String,Object>>
*
* @author zml2015
* @Time:2016年2月2日 下午10:38:40
* @version 1.0
*/
public class DataUtil {
public static Person getPerson() {
return new Person("zml2015", "男", "1072307340", "157*****573");
}
public static List<Person> getPersons() {
List<Person> list = new ArrayList<Person>();
list.add(getPerson());
list.add(new Person("张三", "男", "123456789", "98765432"));
list.add(new Person("李四", "女", "762348234", "12312124324"));
return list;
}
public static List<String> getStrings(){
List<String>list = new ArrayList<String>();
list.add("zml2015");
list.add("张三");
list.add("李四");
return list;
}
public static List<Map<String,Object>> getMaps(){
List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("name","zml2015" );
map.put("blog", "blog.csdn.net/zml_2015");
map.put("person", getPerson());
list.add(map);
return list;
}
}
- 接下来就是写json数据类型的转换类了
package com.zml.utils;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
/**
* @author zml2015
* @Time:2016年2月2日 上午12:18:38
* @version 1.0
*/
public class JsonTools {
public static String createJsonString(String key,Object value){
JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put(key, value);
return jsonObject.toString();
}
}
- 进行测试,看是否将上述4种数据转换为了json的数据类型
package com.zml.test;
import com.zml.utils.DataUtil;
import com.zml.utils.JsonTools;
/**
* @author zml2015
* @Time:2016年2月2日 上午12:27:29
* @version 1.0
*/
public class testjson {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String jsonString;
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("person",DataUtil.getPerson());
System.out.println(jsonString);
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("persons",DataUtil.getPersons());
System.out.println(jsonString);
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("strings",DataUtil.getStrings());
System.out.println(jsonString);
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("maps",DataUtil.getMaps());
System.out.println(jsonString);
}
}
- 测试成功后,建立Servlet类,以方便将json数据传输给客户端
package com.zml.test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.zml.utils.DataUtil;
import com.zml.utils.JsonTools;
/**
* @author zml2015
* @Time:2016年2月2日 下午10:54:26
* @version 1.0
*/
public class JsonServlet extends HttpServlet {
/**
* Constructor of the object.
*/
public JsonServlet() {
super();
}
/**
* Destruction of the servlet.
*/
public void destroy() {
super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
// Put your code here
}
/**
* The doGet method of the servlet.
*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
*
* @param request
* the request send by the client to the server
* @param response
* the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException
* if an error occurred
* @throws IOException
* if an error occurred
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
/**
* The doPost method of the servlet.
*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to
* post.
*
* @param request
* the request send by the client to the server
* @param response
* the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException
* if an error occurred
* @throws IOException
* if an error occurred
*/
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String jsonString="";
String actionString = request.getParameter("action");
if (actionString.equals("person")) {
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("person",DataUtil.getPerson());
} else if (actionString.equals("persons")) {
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("persons",DataUtil.getPersons());
} else if (actionString.equals("strings")) {
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("strings",DataUtil.getStrings());
} else if (actionString.equals("maps")) {
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("maps",DataUtil.getMaps());
}
out.write(jsonString);
}
/**
* Initialization of the servlet.
*
* @throws ServletException
* if an error occurs
*/
public void init() throws ServletException {
// Put your code here
}
}
通过网址访问可得到的JSON数据:
二、客户端解析json数据
这里暂时只贴出重要的解析部分
package com.zml.util;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import com.zml.pojo.Person;
/**
* 解析数据:将json字符串解析还原成原来的数据类型
*
* @author zml2015
* @date 2016-2-3 上午12:11:57
* @version 1.0
*/
public class JsonTools {
public static Person getPerson(String key, String jsonString) {
Person person = new Person();
// 将json字符串转换成json对象
try {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonString);
// 将json对象根据key(person),拿到对应的value(Person对象)值
JSONObject jsonObject2 = jsonObject.getJSONObject(key);
// 将拿到的对象set到一个person对象中
person.setName(jsonObject2.getString("name"));
person.setSex(jsonObject2.getString("sex"));
person.setQQ(jsonObject2.getString("QQ"));
person.setContact(jsonObject2.getString("contact"));
} catch (JSONException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return person;
}
public static List<Person> getPersons(String key, String jsonString) {
List<Person> list = new ArrayList<Person>();
JSONObject jsonObject;
try {
jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonString);
JSONArray Persons = jsonObject.getJSONArray(key);
for (int i = 0; i < Persons.length(); i++) {
Person person = new Person();
JSONObject jsonObject2 = Persons.getJSONObject(i);
person.setName(jsonObject2.getString("name"));
person.setSex(jsonObject2.getString("sex"));
person.setQQ(jsonObject2.getString("QQ"));
person.setContact(jsonObject2.getString("contact"));
list.add(person);
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list;
}
public static List<String> getStrings(String key, String jsonString) {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
try {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonString);
JSONArray StringArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray(key);
for (int i = 0; i < StringArray.length(); i++) {
String str = StringArray.getString(i);
list.add(str);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
return list;
}
public static List<Map<String, Object>> getMaps(String key,
String jsonString) {
List<Map<String, Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
try {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonString);
JSONArray mapsArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray(key);
for (int i = 0; i < mapsArray.length(); i++) {
JSONObject jsonObject2 = mapsArray.getJSONObject(i);
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
// 查看Map中的键值对的key值
Iterator<String> iterator = jsonObject2.keys();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
String json_key = iterator.next();
Object json_value = jsonObject2.get(json_key);
if(json_value==null){
//当键值对中的value为空值时,将value置为空字符串;
json_value="";
}
map.put(json_key, json_value);
}
list.add(map);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
return list;
}
}
需要注意的是上述,客户端和服务器端虽然都用到了JSONObject类,但是引用的不是一个jar包中的内容哦;客户端的是引用的org.json.JSONObject
;而服务器端引用的是net.sf.json.JSONObject
;
(关于gson解析,和fastjson解析json数据有时间再补,今天就先写到这儿了)
关于Gson解析请移步到这 Andorid之Gson解析Json数据
Q.E.D.